I am a female neuroscientist who has worked with incredible neuroscientists, male and female, over the course of my career. A director at the Milken Institute Center for Strategic Philanthropy, I advise foundations looking to develop strategies for funding scientific research. As philanthropy consultants, we set up review committees and scientific advisory boards and deploy new funding sources in a given research area. Our team works on the front lines to ensure that philanthropic investments in research are made in a way that will make the greatest impact on science and health — which can be increased through gender equity. Over the past year, we’ve experimented with ways to eliminate unconscious bias in the programs we influence. The following is a case study that shows how.

Material below summarizes the article Cellular and Network Mechanisms May Generate Sparse Coding of Sequential Object Encounters in Hippocampal-Like Circuits, published on July 19, 2019, in eNeuro and authored by Anh-Tuan Trinh, Stephen E. Clarke, Erik Harvey-Girard, and Leonard Maler. Highlights We found that loss of TWIK-related spinal cord K+ (TRESK) in all trigeminal ganglia (TG) neurons preferentially increased the intrinsic excitability of small-diameter TG nociceptors that express neuropeptide CGRP (calcitonin gene-related peptide) or TRPM8 channels. Compared with wild-type (WT) controls, TRESK knockout (KO) mice exhibited more robust trigeminal pain, especially headache-like behaviors, but displayed normal body and visceral pain responses, indicating that genetic loss of TRESK significantly increases the chance of developing headache. Our study highlighted some exquisite differences between the head pain-sensing TG neurons and body pain-sensing dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in response to ion channel defects, supporting a causal relationship between defective TRESK channel and higher migraine susceptibility.

Maybe you’re interested in advocating for science but are waiting to have more time in your career. Or maybe you don’t know where to find groups that can show you how. Either way, this advice from three scientist-advocates from across the career spectrum will help you get started.

Yasemin Gürsoy-Özdemir leads the neuroscience graduate program at Koç University in Istanbul, Turkey. This program seeks to increase innovative translational research. In this interview, she offers insight into key skills for a translational research career and how studying abroad and working with global collaborators can enrich your training. What was your training path? I started my education at Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine. After I got my degree, I entered the residency program in neurology. At that time, I realized doing the clinical work was not enough, as I wanted to understand the mechanisms underlying the neurological diseases. There was a neuroscience PhD program at Hacettepe University, so I enrolled. After finishing my PhD education, I went to Massachusetts General Hospital to do my postdoctoral studies. I stayed for two and a half years, after which I returned to Turkey and worked at my previous university. Four years ago, I moved to Koç University, in Istanbul. Currently I’m the director of the neuroscience PhD program, as well as the director of the Graduate School of Health Sciences.

As neuroscience becomes more interdisciplinary, it also requires expertise from more subdisciplines, leading to collaborations within and outside of academia. In this workshop, you’ll learn about different types of "team science” projects to help you have more productive collaborations across disciplines. Watch to hear how the featured projects were conceived and managed and to learn the pros and cons of working with scientists from different backgrounds toward a common goal.

The endocannabinoid (eCB) signaling system is robustly expressed in the cerebellum from embryonic developmental stages to adulthood. It plays a key role in regulating cerebellar synaptic plasticity and excitability, suggesting that impaired eCB signaling could lead to deficits in cerebellar adjustments of ongoing behaviors and cerebellar learning. Indeed, human mutations in DAGLα are associated with neurodevelopmental disorders. In this study, we show that selective deletion of the eCB synthesizing enzyme diacylglycerol lipase alpha (Daglα) from mouse cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs) alters motor and social behaviors, disrupts short-term synaptic plasticity in both excitatory and inhibitory synapses, and reduces PC activity during social exploration. Our results provide the first evidence for cerebellar-specific eCB regulation of social behaviors and implicate eCB regulation of synaptic plasticity and PC activity as the neural substrates contributing to these deficits. Significance statement Deletion of th...

Erich Jarvis, a neuroscientist and molecular biologist who is a professor at Rockefeller University and a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator, shares highlights from his science research, personal and professional journey, and lessons learned as an underrepresented scientist in this town hall talk at the Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai.

Mentorship is critical to a scientist’s career, whether you’re a mentor, a mentee, or both. By investing in the personal and professional development of their mentees, mentors can serve as guides to early career scientists, shaping their careers and research fields. In turn, mentees can play a significant role in the progress of lab work by conducting research, making intellectual contributions to papers and grants, and mentoring other students in the lab. The key to ensuring a successful mentoring relationship at any career stage is setting expectations that both sides agree to and which are flexible enough to evolve over the course of the relationship. Follow the advice below to help you set expectations and establish a healthy power dynamic for your own mentor-mentee relationship.

Fei-Fei Li, codirector of the Stanford Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence, is both a scientist and an ethical leader advocating for artificial intelligence that makes improving human lives its goal. In this 2019 Dialogues Between Neuroscience and Society lecture, Li discusses the transformative potential of AI for society in relation to the three parts of “human-centered AI”: that its development must be guided by concern for human impact, that it should augment, not replace, humans, and that it should be inspired by human intelligence. She also describes her research and collaborations in the field of computer vision.

As 2019 comes to a close, taking time to reflect on how you’ve grown professionally can help you set intentions and go farther in your career. What follows is some of Neuronline’s most popular content from the year. Use these resources to help you accomplish your goals in the year ahead.